GREEN REVOLUTION

 

                       

The most widely accepted origin theory of the name Sikkim is that it is a combination of two Limbu words : su , which means " new " and khyim , which means" place " or " house " . The name is believed to be a reference to the place built by the state's first ruler , Phuntsog Namgyal . The Tibetan name for Sikkim is Denjong , which means " valley of rice " , while the Bhutias call it Beyul Demazong , which means " the hiden valley of rice " . The lepcha people , the original inhabitants of Sikkim called it Nye - mae - el , meaning " paradise " . In history , Sikkim is known as Indrakil , the garden of the war god Indra . 

          

                                               Sikkim

• Sikkim ( /SIkim/ ; also known as shikim or su khyim ; see Toponymy for other names ) is a land locked Indian state located in the Himalayan mountains. The state is bordered by Nepal to the west , china ' s Tibet Autonomous Region to the north and east , and Bhutan to the east . The Indian state of  west Bengal lies to the south .
• With 6,10,577 inhabitants as of  the 2011 census , Sikkim is the least population State after Goa in total area , covering approximately 7,096 km² ( 2,740 sq mi ) . Sikkim is nonetheless geo graphically diverse due to its location in the Himalayas', the climate ranges from Subtropical to high alpine , and kangchenjunga , the world's third - highest peak , is located on sikkim's border with Nepal . Sikkim is a popular tourist destination , owing to its culture , scenery and biodiversity . It also has the only open land border between India & china . Sikkim's capital and largest city is Gangtok .

• According to legend

The  Buddhist guru  ' padmasambhava a visited Sikkim in the 8th century AD , introduced buddhism and foretold the era of the sikkimese monarchy . sikkim's Namgyal dynasty was established in 1642 . Over the next 150 years , the kingdom witnessed frequent raids and territorial losses to Nepalese invaders . In the 19 th century ' it allied it self with British India , eventually becoming a British protectorate  . In 1975 , a referendum abolished the sikkimese monarchy , and the territory was marged with India .

• Sikkim has 11 official languages : ( which is its lingua france ) , sikkimese , Lepcha , Tamang , Limbu Newsri , Rai , Gurung . Magar , Sunwar  and English . English is taught in schools and used in government documents . The predominant religions are Hindusism and Vajrayana Buddhism Sikkim 's economy is largely dependent on agriculture and tourism , and as of 2012 the state has the third - smallest GDP among India states , although it is also among the fastest - growing . 

      

             Sikkim after Indian Independence (1947)

• In 1947 , when India become independent , a popular vote rejected sikkim 's joining the Indian Union , Although a treaty was made between india and sikkim in 1950 , in the interest of prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru . That Indo - sikkim treaty made sikkim an Indian protect oratestatus . Sikkim came under the suzerainty of India , which controlled its external affairs , defence , diplomacy and communications , but sikkim otherwise retained administrative autonomy .
• A state council was established in 1953 to allow for constitutional government under the chogyal . Mean while , the Sikkim National Congress demanded fresh elections and greater representation for Nepalis in Sikkim . Palden Thandup Namgyal , the chogyal at the time , proved to be extremely unpopular with the people , and in 1973 , riots in front of the chogyal's place led to a formal request for protection from India . 

                                           Education

Literacy in sikkim is 69.68 % . Which breaks down into 76.73 % for males and 61.46 % for females . There are a total of 1157 schools including 765 schools and 385 private schools . Twelve colleges and other institutions in Sikkim offer higher education . The largest institution is the sikkim Manipal University of Technological sciences , which offers higher education in engineering , medicine and management . It also runs a host of distance education programs in diverse fields . There are two state - run polytechnical schools , Advanced Technical Training Centre (ATTC) and center for computers and Communication Technology (CCCT) in Sikkim which offer diploma courses in various branches of engineering .

                               Sports of Sikkim

River rafting

Paragliding

Common sports in Sikkim are football and cricket . Hang gliding and river rafting have also been introduced in order to promote tourism .

                                            Music

Western rock music and hindi song have gained wide acceptance among the Sikkimese . Indigenous Nepali rock and Lepcha music are also popular .

  

                     Festivals celebrated in Sikkim

The Sikkimese Nepalese celebrate all major Hindu festivals such as Diwali and Dusshera . Local festivals like Maghe Sankranti and Bhimsen puja are common . Losar , Loo song , saga Dawa , Lhabab Duechen , Drupka Teshi and Bhumchu  are Buddhist festivals During the Losar ( Tietan New year ) most offices and educational institutions are closed for s week . Muslims celebrate Id - ul - fitr and Muharram . Christmas has also been promoted in Gangtok to attract tourists during the off - season .

                                         Culture

The Sikkimese culture finds expression in it's beautiful art and craft . Knotted woollen carpets with the dominating dragon emblem ,and eight auspicious signs , wood carvings Lepcha , handlooms in traditional designs and rich colours for clothes , bags , linen and accessories , leather jackets and hand bags , articles of homemade paper , Thanka (religious scroll paintings ) and Sikkimese .

Dragon jewellery make a fascinating collection of handicrafts , inspired by an age old culture .The Gumpa being performed in Lachung during the Buddhist festival of Losar .

                                  USP of Sikkim

With around 6,00,000 permanent residents . Sikkim is the least populous state in India and the second - smallest state after Goa in total area Kangchenjunga , The world 's third - highest peak ; is located on Sikkim's border with Nepal .

Sikkim's a popular tourist destination owing to its culture , scenery and biodiversity . It also has the only open border between India and China .

                        World heritage site in Sikkim

Khangchendzonga National park

                          Khangchendzonga National park was inscribed to the UNESCO World Heritage site list on july 17/2016 , be coming the first " Mixed Heritage " site of  India . Located at the heart of the Himalayan range in northern India ( stage of Sikkim ) , the khangchendzonga National park includes a unique diversity of plains , valleys , lakes , glaciers and spectacular , snow - capped mountains covered with ancient forests , including the world's third highest peak , Mount Khangchendzonga . mythological stories are associated with this mountain and with a great number of natural elements ( caves , rivers , lake , etc. ) that are the object of worship by the indigenous people of Sikkim . The sacred meanings of these stories and practices have been integrated with Buddhist beliefs and constiute the basis for Sikkimeses identity .